abstract：:The main problem with sensory processing is the difficulty in relating sensory input to physiological responses and perception. This is especially problematic at higher levels of processing, where complex cues elicit highly specific responses. In olfaction, this relationship is particularly obfuscated by the difficult...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Auffarth B

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder that is caused by a likely complex genetic basis, interacting with environmental factors. Just as multiple large scale collaborative projects for TS are starting out and the first ever genomewide association study for TS has been published, this review...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Paschou P

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The increasing prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) emphasizes the need for sensitive biomarkers. Memory, a core deficit in AD, involves the interaction of distributed brain networks. We propose that biomarkers should be sought at the level of disease-specific disturbances in large-scale neural networks instead of a...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Jacobs HI,Radua J,Lückmann HC,Sack AT

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Life expectancy in the last century has greatly increased although, in most industrialized countries, this has been paralleled by an increased incidence of neurodegenerative disorders, in addition to cardiovascular and metabolic pathologies. The p66(Shc) gene has emerged as a novel gerontogene affecting health through...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Berry A,Cirulli F

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The neural systems underlying reward-related behaviors across development have recently generated a great amount of interest. Yet, the neurodevelopmental literature on reward processing is marked by inconsistencies due to the heterogeneity of the reward paradigms used, the complexity of the behaviors being studied, an...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Richards JM,Plate RC,Ernst M

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epigenetic processes have profound influence on gene translation and play a key role in embryonic development and tissue type specification. Recent advances in our understanding of epigenetics have pointed out that epigenetic alterations also play an important role in neurodevelopment and may increase the risk to psyc...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Kofink D,Boks MP,Timmers HT,Kas MJ

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients experiencing an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have a three times higher chance to develop depression. Vice versa, depressive symptoms increase the risk of cardiovascular events. The co-existence of both conditions is associated with substantially worse prognosis. Although the underlying mechanism of the i...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Liu H,Luiten PG,Eisel UL,Dejongste MJ,Schoemaker RG

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The personality dimension of schizotypy is well established, and schizotypal traits can be taken to represent a proneness toward developing psychosis. Yet, there are competing theories about the latent structure of schizotypy. More specifically, there is controversy over the extent to which this propensity toward psyc...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Nelson MT,Seal ML,Pantelis C,Phillips LJ

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prosodic aspects of speech such as pitch, duration and amplitude constitute nonverbal cues that supplement or modify the meaning of the spoken word, to provide valuable clues as to a speakers' state of mind. It can thus indicate what emotion a person is feeling (emotional prosody), or their attitude towards an event, ...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Mitchell RL,Ross ED

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Physical activity is an integral component of stroke prevention. Although approximately 80% of strokes are due to cerebral ischemia, the mechanisms linking physical activity to the incidence of and recovery from ischemic stroke are not completely understood. This review summarizes evidence from human and animal studie...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Middleton LE,Corbett D,Brooks D,Sage MD,Macintosh BJ,McIlroy WE,Black SE

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurosteroids are potent and effective neuromodulators that are synthesized from cholesterol in the brain. These agents and their synthetic derivatives influence the function of multiple signaling pathways including receptors for γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate, the major inhibitory and excitatory neurotransm...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Zorumski CF,Paul SM,Izumi Y,Covey DF,Mennerick S

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Structure and function in the human brain are closely related. At the onset of psychosis, brain imaging studies have identified robust changes in brain function and structure, but no data are available relating these two domains. After systematic literature searches, we included all available studies reporting whole-b...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Radua J,Borgwardt S,Crescini A,Mataix-Cols D,Meyer-Lindenberg A,McGuire PK,Fusar-Poli P

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Signal transduction from the synapse to the nucleus subsequently involves transient increases in synaptic Ca2+, activation of CaM kinases, activation of the GTPase Ras, activation of the ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, and finally GSK3 inhibition and CREB-activation. Genetic studies in autism have identi...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Kalkman HO

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuropsychiatric medications that directly alter the epigenome, such as valproic acid, can under certain conditions reactivate critical developmental periods and thus impact adult neuroconnectivity. In animal models valproic acid was shown to inhibit the process of postnatal myelination and to replicate age-dependent ...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Rosenzweig I,Vukadinovic Z,Turner AJ,Catani M

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deep brain stimulation (DBS), a neuromodulation therapy that has been used successfully in the treatment of symptoms associated with movement disorders, has recently undergone clinical trials for individuals suffering from treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Although the small patient numbers and open label study de...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Anderson RJ,Frye MA,Abulseoud OA,Lee KH,McGillivray JA,Berk M,Tye SJ

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Disruptions in the sleep-wake cycle and the circadian system have been found in a wide range of psychiatric disorders and are generally correlated with clinical severity and diminished quality of life. Emerging evidence suggests similar disturbances may be found in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Here...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Imeraj L,Sonuga-Barke E,Antrop I,Roeyers H,Wiersema R,Bal S,Deboutte D

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One obstacle to understanding the exact processes unfolding inside the hippocampus is that it is still difficult to clearly define what the hippocampus actually does, at the system level. Associated for a long time with the formation of episodic and semantic memories, and with their temporary storage, the hippocampus ...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Stella F,Cerasti E,Si B,Jezek K,Treves A

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Memory formation is a highly dynamic process. In this review we discuss traditional views of memory and offer some ideas about the nature of memory formation and transformation. We argue that memory traces are transformed over time in a number of ways, but that understanding these transformations requires careful anal...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Nadel L,Hupbach A,Gomez R,Newman-Smith K

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Emotional arousal influences the consolidation of long-term memory. This review discusses experimental approaches and relevant findings that provide the foundation for current understanding of coordinated interactions between arousal activated peripheral hormones and the brain processes that modulate memory formation....

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： McIntyre CK,McGaugh JL,Williams CL

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Persistent, unwanted memories are believed to be key contributors to drug addiction and the chronic relapse problem over the lifetime of the addict. Contrary to the long-held idea that memories are static and fixed, new studies in the last decade have shown that memories are dynamic and changeable. However, they are c...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Sorg BA

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drawing on converging behavioral, electrophysiological, and imaging evidence, we advance an hypothesis for a cognitive phenotype of a SNP in the CHRNA4 gene encoding the α(4) subunit of α(4)β(2) nicotinic receptors. First, we review evidence that visuospatial attention can be decomposed into several component processe...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Greenwood PM,Parasuraman R,Espeseth T

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rapid rise in obesity prevalence in the modern world parallels a significant reduction in restorative sleep (Agras et al., 2004; Dixon et al., 2007, 2001; Gangwisch and Heymsfield, 2004; Gupta et al., 2002; Sekine et al., 2002; Vioque et al., 2000; Wolk et al., 2003). Reduced sleep time and quality increases the r...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Mavanji V,Billington CJ,Kotz CM,Teske JA

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A review of selected works on spatial memory in animals and humans is presented, and some ideas about the encoding of geometry and its role in evolution are presented, based on recently accumulated evidence from psychology, ethology and the neurosciences. It is argued that comparative analyses at the level of both spa...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Tommasi L,Chiandetti C,Pecchia T,Sovrano VA,Vallortigara G

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent application of neuroimaging techniques in the field of human cognitive development is providing the practical basis for researchers to face speculative queries that had been impossible to address before enabling them to respectively describe "how the brain is" and "how the brain works" at birth or even befo...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Mento G,Bisiacchi PS

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unipolar depression and diabetes mellitus each account for a significant proportion of the global burden of disease. Epidemiological literature suggests a bi-directional relationship between these two common disorders, and evidence from the molecular sciences supports a role for inflammation in the pathogenesis and pa...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Stuart MJ,Baune BT

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although it is known that primary auditory cortex (A1) contributes to the processing and perception of sound, its precise functions and the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Recent studies point to a remarkably broad spectral range of largely subthreshold inputs to individual neurons in A1--seemingly enco...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Metherate R

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary-process experiences, both raw affects and perceptions, are self-creating processes, and the associated motoric-action tendencies serve survival values, providing the raw materials for learning. Actions seem to play a key role in providing 'meaning' for the primary sensations and associated feelings. We suggest...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Bernroider G,Panksepp J

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At present there is no direct brain measure of basic emotional dynamics from the human brain. EEG provides non-invasive approaches for monitoring brain electrical activity to emotional stimuli. Event-related desynchronization/synchronization (ERD/ERS) analysis, based on power shifts in specific frequency bands, has so...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Bekkedal MY,Rossi J 3rd,Panksepp J

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the past few years, several experimental studies have suggested that empathy occurs in the social lives of rodents. Thus, rodent behavioral models can now be developed to elucidate the mechanistic substrates of empathy at levels that have heretofore been unavailable. For example, the finding that mice from certain ...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Panksepp JB,Lahvis GP

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The philosophical implications of Jaak Panksepp's affective neuroscience comprise a significant form of skepticism regarding our capacities as agents. This is clear in two ways. (1) Panksepp's methods of inquiry support a corollary to Dobzhansky's famous maxim concerning evolution: nothing in mammalian psychology make...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Davies PS

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dopamine hypotheses of several psychiatric disorders are based upon the clinical benefits of drugs affecting dopamine transporter or receptors, and have prompted intensive candidate gene research within the dopaminergic system during the last two decades. The aim of this review is to survey the most important findings...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Nemoda Z,Szekely A,Sasvari-Szekely M

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of early-life stressors in the calibration of individual responses to future challenges has long been investigated in laboratory rodents. Specifically, countless studies show that exposure to early-life stressors - in the form of various periods of maternal separation, administration of exogenous corticostero...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Macrì S,Zoratto F,Laviola G

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper presents the Adaptive Calibration Model (ACM), an evolutionary-developmental theory of individual differences in the functioning of the stress response system. The stress response system has three main biological functions: (1) to coordinate the organism's allostatic response to physical and psychosocial ch...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Del Giudice M,Ellis BJ,Shirtcliff EA

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We propose to bring together the hitherto rather separate research fields of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and argue that by contrasting and combining findings of the endophenotypes of ASD and ADHD new insights can be gained into the etiology and pathophysiology of...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Rommelse NN,Geurts HM,Franke B,Buitelaar JK,Hartman CA

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An increasing number of human electroencephalography (EEG) studies examining the earliest component of the visual evoked potential, the so-called C1, have cast doubts on the previously prevalent notion that this component is impermeable to top-down effects. This article reviews the original studies that (i) described ...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Rauss K,Schwartz S,Pourtois G

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The potential for the coexistence of the developmental disorders autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in any one individual has for a long time been a contentious issue. While from a neurobiological perspective it is possible, and even highly likely, that ADHD and autism might clinically co-exist...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Gargaro BA,Rinehart NJ,Bradshaw JL,Tonge BJ,Sheppard DM

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The risk of improbable, uncertain, but grave potential dangers poses unique adaptive challenges. We argue that to manage such risks, a special motivational system evolved, which we term the security motivation system. Review of work across a range of species indicates that this system is designed to detect subtle indi...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Woody EZ,Szechtman H

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human typical life history involves specific tradeoffs, resulting in the selection of specific cognitive adaptations, among which a suite of age- and gender-specific precaution systems sensitive to variations in the physical and social environment. Precaution systems take into account the individual's status and life-...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Lienard P

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have used a loud (> 120 dB) startle-eliciting acoustic stimulus as a probe to investigate early motor response preparation in humans. The use of a startle in these studies has provided insight into not only the neurophysiological substrates underlying motor preparation, but also into the behavioural res...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Carlsen AN,Maslovat D,Lam MY,Chua R,Franks IM

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Repetitive and stereotyped behavior is a prominent element of both animal and human behavior. Similar behavior is seen across species, in diverse neuropsychiatric disorders and in key phases of typical development. This raises the question whether these similar classes of behavior are caused by similar neurobiological...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Langen M,Kas MJ,Staal WG,van Engeland H,Durston S

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00